Add philosophy document

For guidelines on component implementations.

docs/00-philosophy.md

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+# Tesseract
+
+## Design
+- Tesseract components follow a strict and simple design philosophy.
+- The aesthetics of the elements are rigid--any element which users can
+  interact with should be easily recognizable--they are determined by the
+  usage of the chosen accent color.
+- The look and feel of the elements are designed to be less opinionated
+  as possible.
+
+## Engineering
+- Every component is a derivative of an existing HTML element,
+  thus any Tesseract component can substitute for any HTML element
+  with added capabilities like improved user experience and consistency.
+- In case of overloaded HTML elements such as `<input>`, Tesseract
+  dissects the element into multiple components each having a single
+  defined behavior.
+- Tesseract components gracefully degrade to their native counterparts,
+  allowing user agents without client-side JavaScript to still use the
+  components with minimal loss of functionality.
+- Tesseract components render Web-compliant HTML and CSS, thus
+  making it resilient to future changes in the HTML/CSS specifications.
+- Tesseract components are designed to be used with popular JavaScript
+  frameworks like React. Consumption of the components using the framework
+  of choice should be seamless, even with the use of form-handling libraries.
+- Terminal-based browsers such as Lynx are used to test the components
+  for accessibility and graceful degradation.
+
+## Accessibility
+- Components are made to be accessible according to Web standards (WAI-ARIA).
+- Focus handling is managed sensibly to facilitate functional
+  keyboard navigation.
+- In cases where there are improvements in user experience, some
+  elements may have different markup and appearance. Tesseract
+  ensures components are still usable on most assistive technologies given
+  both versions of the user interface.